The peaceful legacy of America’s northern border faces rising security challenges.
At a Glance
- The U.S.-Canada border spans over 5,000 miles and is historically peaceful.
- Significant efforts focus on terrorism threats from both the northern and southern borders.
- Increased illegal crossings highlight security vulnerabilities at the northern border.
- Federal agents have intercepted a record number of terrorist-affiliated individuals in 2024.
Border Security Challenges
The U.S.-Canada border, stretching more than 5,000 miles, remains the world’s longest land border and embodies over two centuries of peace. However, its vastness and remoteness strain security resources, leaving certain areas vulnerable to unauthorized crossings. The principal challenge lies in its geographical characteristics, compounded by the focus of U.S. border security on the southern boundary.
The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) highlights the risk of individuals exploiting the complex border environment to enter the United States, possibly having terror connections. Recently, a notable increase in illegal crossings has occurred, including 181,000 encounters in fiscal year 2024 alone.
Evolving Threat Landscape
Encounters with individuals on the federal Terrorist Screening Data Set illustrate the border’s security challenges. In 2024, the DHS reported 422 such encounters, with the northern border presenting a larger share than its southern counterpart. Factors such as limited staffing and severe weather conditions further complicate patrolling efforts.
“Over the next year, we expect some individuals with terrorism ties and some criminal actors will continue their efforts to exploit migration flows and the complex border security environment to enter the United States,” according to the DHS 2025 Homeland Assessment.
Federal agents intercepted a Jordanian national, illustrating the reality of attempts by known or suspected terrorists to cross into the U.S. in these areas, with current apprehensions showing a stark increase.
Today, Canada and the EU signed the Agreement on Passenger Name Record Data Transfer. The Agreement advances efforts in combatting terrorism and serious transnational crime, and reinforces the safety and integrity of Canada’s borders.
For more info: https://t.co/geBk42NQUI pic.twitter.com/uD8NmrZuds
— Canada Border Services Agency (@CanBorder) October 4, 2024
Collaborative Solutions
DHS Secretary Alejandro Mayorkas emphasizes collaboration among federal, state, and local partners to address the threats posed by border security vulnerabilities. Cross-border cooperation with Canadian authorities is vital, as highlighted by their acknowledgment of shared security concerns and commitment to enhanced border protocols.
“The Homeland Security Assessment provides an important overview of the dynamic and evolving threat landscape, illustrating just how varied and challenging the threats we confront are,” per a statement by Homeland Security Secretary, Alejandro Mayorkas.
Despite the unprecedented challenges, strengthening security through joint vigilance and technological advancements remains pivotal in ensuring the safety and continued prosperity of both nations.
